Bible Questions and Answers

(1) Question: Were there people before Adam and Eve?

(2) Question: What is the kingdom of God and when was it organized?

(3) Question: Was Noah ignorant of the fact that the juice of Grapes will ferment and make alcohol?

(4) Question: What was Ham’s sin that caused Noah to curse Ham’s descendants?

(5) Question: Was the wife of Moses a “Negro.”

(6) Question: What were the changes that produced the Dead Sea?

(7) Question: The Fire of God; What is it?

(8) Question: Why did God select the Earth for the abode of the Human Race?

(9) Question: What is the origin of the present hate-God campaign and what nation originally made war against God’s Throne?

(10) Question: What did God use to make the Sun, Earth, Stars, Planets and all the known elements.

(11) Question: Why does God permit evil?

(12) Question: Who was Melchizedek, The King of Salem?

(13) Question: What actually happened when Saul consulted the Witch of En-Dor?

(14) Question: Why are two different prices recorded for the threshing floor David purchased for the Temple site?

(15) Question: Why is Noah, who was the tenth in generation from Adam, called the eighth preacher of righteousness.

(16) Question: What are the astronomical facts demonstrating the validity of Joshua’s long day?

(17) Question: Why does the Bible declare that Solomon sat upon the Throne of the Lord?

(18) Question: Who were the Sons of God who married the Daughters of Men?

(19) Question: God said He would use Stinging Insects to help His people. When were they used by Him in modern times.

(20) Question: Were there Israelites in North America before Columbus?

(21) Question: The Bible states Solomon brought Apes and Peacocks to Jerusalem. These were not animals or birds. What were they?

Did the Second Tables of Stone given to Moses by God have less writing on them than was on the first which was broken by Moses?

(23) Question: Where is the “Appointed Place?”

(24) Question: What is the Covenant of Marvels?

(25) Question: Who was the First King of Israel, for it was not Saul?

(26) Question: What was the Great Physical Disaster Commemorated in the naming of Peleg?

(27) Question: Who was Job?

(29) Question: Why does history reveal that the outcroppings of the Giant Strain appear only in the line of Ham?

(30) Question: An Angel talked with Abraham about Sodom and Gomorrah: Who was that Angel?

(31) Question: How does the Bible differ from all other Literature?

(32) Question: The Bible relates that Angels appear and disappear. Is there an explanation for their seeming invisibility?

(33) Question: What happened when Israel crossed the Red Sea?

(34) Question: How did Jephthah keep his vow, yet he did not slay his daughter?

(35) Question: Does the Song of Solomon 1:5-6, tell us that one of Solomon’s wives was a Negro?

(36) Question: Is interracial marriages forbidden in the Bible?

(37) Question: Do we work in vain when it seems like all our efforts are ineffectual?

(38) Question: The only way I can purchase a house is to borrow the money from the bankers at interest. Is it wrong to do so?

(39) Question: Did we exist prior to our formation on Earth? Dr. Wesley Swift says that the word “formed” really means “To bring forth as an offspring or issue of the Most High God.”

(40) Question: What does the Bible mean when it talks about the “Son of God,” and the “sons of God?”

(41) Question: My children are coming home from school now all sorts of Halloween material. What shall we do about this?

(42) Question: What is the definition of the Identity Message?

(43) Question: The Bible says the Battle of Armageddon will be fought in the Valley of Jehoshaphat. Well, that Valley is most certainly not in the U.S. so in the Light of that alone, how can we be Israel?

(44) Question: What is the relationship between the Church, Israel, and non-Israelites in the Kingdom of God?

(45) Question: Will Protestants and Catholics united to form a World Church that will attempt to suppress all other religions?

(46) Question: What is the difference between the Catholic Church and the Protestant Churches?

(47) Question: The Bible has a lot to say about the wicked. Their monstrous greed and selfishness is running rampant. What is God doing about these criminals?

(48) Question: In Acts 9:7-8, we read that when God struck Paul down on his way to Damascus (resulting in Pauls’ conversion), his companions heard the voice of God but saw no one. However, when Paul recounts the story in Acts 22:9, he says that the others saw the light, but did not hear the voice. How do we resolve this apparent contradiction?

(49) Question: I understand that so-called “Converted Jews” use the name “Yashua” instead of Jesus Christ. Is that not proof that the name “Yashua” is the correct name, rather than Jesus Christ?

(50) Question: What is the difference between a Semite, a Hebrew, an Israelite, and a Jew?

(51) Question: Was Jesus a Jew? What about the Apostles?

(52) Question: Why did Jesus say that Salvation was of the Jews?

(53) Question: Preachers and Bible teachers all say, “we owe the Jews so much.” What do we owe the Jews?

(54) Question: In the Book of Esther, were Esther and Mordecai Jews (Babylonian style) or were they Israelites?

(55) Question: Matthew 27:51-54 seems to indicate that there was a resurrection of some saints at the same time Christ died or was raised from the dead. Many ministers says that Jesus took these Christians to Heaven with Him, and he uses this passage to prove his point. What can I tell him?

(56) Question: How can one explain to others the 1500-mile cube that John states is a city in Revelation 21:16, if the Old Jerusalem is not the New Jerusalem?

(57) Question: Identity preachers say there is no burning hell, and yet I read in Revelation 20:15 about sinners being cast into the lake of fire. How do you explain that?

(58) Question: If the Bible says these things are going to happen, what can we actually do about it?

(59) Question: How does one become an Identity Minister? Does one have to go to the run of the mill schools and then adopt the Identity Teaching?

(60) Question: What does Christ or the Bible say about personally protecting ourselves in self-defense?

(61) Question: Why have the Indians of North America been so persecuted, robbed, and killed off, and why has the U.S. Government from George Washington to the present day kept breaking promises and treaties?

(62) Question: What or who are the 144,000 in Revelation 7?

(63) Question: What is the meaning of Romans 6:14?

(64) Question: If God is a God of love, why did He allow so many wars in the Old Testament and all through history up to the present time?

(65) Question: Is the Worldwide Church of God the one and only true church? And was Herbert W. Armstrong the one and only apostle under Christ in this end of the age?

(66) Question: 1 John 3:15 says, “no murderer hath eternal life abiding in him.” Is murder a forgivable sin? Does this include abortions? Accessories to murder or abortion? Those causing death from pollution of air, earth, water, foods, and pharmaceuticals?

(67) Question: What is the seal in the foreheads of the 144,000?

(68) Question: I told a person that we are the Children of Israel, and she said that Ruth in the Bible was a foreigner, so that Blood Line wasn’t all White, and that is why the Jews are Israel.

(69) Question: Who were the Nicolaitanes of Revelation 2?

(70) Question: In the sealing of the 144,000 why did the Bible leave out the names of Ephraim and Dan? Were they cut off from Israel, as some say?

(71) Question: There is so much in the Old Testament that speaks against usury in the Bible; what does the New Testament say about it?

(72) Question: Who is the Antichrist?

(73) Question: Micah 4:10 sounds as though the daughter of Zion is to bring forth a child. Can you explain?

(74) Question: Were Galileans also referred to as Judeans, or were they distinctly separate?

(75) Question: Why did the Judeans not associate with the Samaritans? Were not the Samaritans Israelites? If not, what was the Genetic Relationship?

(76) Question: Were the Rothschilds Jews? How did they get so powerful that they can control nations and give money to Lenin in support of Communism?

(77) Question: I didn’t see it in the Bible, but I heard it said that the Yellow Race will rule the world. Is this true?

(78) Question: I am confused about the time of Joel. Why were farm tools to be changed into implements of war?

(79) Question: Is cremation after death contrary to God’s Law?

(80) Question: Many Identity Ministers claim there is no devil, please explain their thinking?

(81) Question: What is “The Original Sin?”

(82) Question: What is the difference between “The Law of God,”“The Law of Moses,” and “The Law of Christ?”

(83) Question: Who are the Two Witnesses of Revelation 11?

(84) Question: How can we untrained laymen understand the Bible and its message when most churches and ministers have misinterpreted it?

(85) Question: In the Parable of the Talents, in Luke 19, doesn’t Jesus advise us to take interest on money?

(86) Question: What does “Zion” mean?

(87) Question: I am a Christian and do not want to deal in usury. What can I do with my money?

(88) Question: 2 Corinthians 3:11 seems to say that the Law has been done away (Abolished). What is the correct answer?

(89) Question: Is gambling a sin?

(90) Question: What is meant by the phrase “Born Again,” and how can one be born a second time?

(91) Question: If evil starts in the womb, (Isaiah 48:8) would Jesus pay the death penalty for something He created? (Hebrews 1:2; Ephesians 3:9)

(92) Question: Should Christians drink alcoholic beverages? Didn’t Jesus drink wine with His disciples, and with sinners?

(93) Question: Is there any scriptural significance to the “Statue of Liberty” found on Ellis Island?

(94) Question: Is it according to God’s Law that Christians quit paying income taxes, and quit using social security numbers?

(95) Question: I’m torn between two great patriot claims of the Day: One says there is to be an Earthly Kingdom with Christ ruling?

(96) Question: Are the Rockefellers Jews?

(97) Question: Where There People In America Before The Indians?

Bible Questions and Answers

You are well aware, that the Bible has always been subject to attack by pagans, atheists and agnostics, but it was not until modern times that questions concerning its validity have been entertained by our so‑called "Ministers" who profess to proclaim its message.

It was about the middle of the nineteenth century that a "school" of higher criticism came into being and since that time its students, its adherents, have made militant advances in its Satanic efforts to discredit the Divine Revelation of the Scriptures. The results of their evil works have brought forth a harvest of unbelief that today infects the entire Christian Church.

This, modernism, the monstrous offspring spawned by this so‑called higher criticism, has succeeded in deceiving millions of Americans into believing the Bible to be of human origin and subject to many errors. Thus the faith that was once held by most Americans, who accepted without mistrust the authenticity of the Scriptures, has been all but destroyed.

Much of this has been accomplished by asking questions, some hard, some ridiculous, some that are completely irrelevant, but all are questions Christians find hard to answer. Which is the reason for their presentation in the first place.

Following are some of the most popular questions, which have been answered with the best possible explanation and confirmed by the Scriptures.

(1) Question: Were there people before Adam and Eve?

Answer: This question is almost always asked whenever atheists and agnostics are trying to confound or confuse a New Christian! It comes from a reading of: "So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. And God blessed them, and God said unto them. Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth..." (Genesis 1:27‑28) Men have theorized for years about the possibility of the co‑existence of another race of human beings upon the earth during the time of Adam. It must be recognized that there is considerable evidence to show that the earth was not only inhabited by a race(s), but as a result of the earth becoming void and without form, that race or races were apparently destroyed. But first let's look at the word "Replenish":

Replenish: 1). to make full or complete again,  as by furnishing a new supply.

 2). to supply again...or the like.

 3). of people. (New World Dictionary of the American Language, Second Edition page 1205)

Jeremiah the Prophet refers briefly to the existence of such a race(s), but he states that, as a result of the earth becoming void and without form, that race(s) were apparently destroyed. "I beheld the earth, and, lo, it was without form, and void; and the heavens, and they had no light. I beheld the mountains, and, lo, they trembled, and all the hills moved lightly. I beheld, and, lo, there was no man...I beheld, and, lo, the fruitful place was a wilderness, and all the  cities thereof were broken down at the presence of the Lord, and by his fierce anger... For this shall the earth mourn, and the heavens above be black..." (Jeremiah 4:23‑28)

Job also makes reference to a past age, a former time: "For enquire... of the former age, and prepare thyself to the search of their fathers." (Job 8:8) Job then relates: "For want and famine they were solitary; fleeing into the wilder­ness in former time desolate and waste." (Job 30:3)

Solomon relates: "There is no remembrance of former things..." (Exodus 1:11)

David relates: "Then the earth shook and trembled; the foundations also of the hills moved and were shaken, because he was wroth. There went up a smoke out of his nostrils, and fire out of his mouth devoured: coals were kindled by it. He bowed the heavens also, and came down: and darkness was under his feet. And he rode upon a cherub, and did fly: yea, he did fly upon the wings of the wind. He made darkness his secret place; his pavilion round about him were darkwaters and thick clouds of the skies. At the brightness that was before him his thick clouds passed, hail stones and coals of fire. The Lord also thundered in the heavens, and the Highest gave his voice: hail stones and coals of fire. Yea, he sent out his arrows, and scattered them; and he shot out lightnings, and discomfited them. Then the channels of waters were seen, and the foundations of the world were discovered at thy rebuke, O Lord, at the blast of the breath of thy nostrils." (Psalms 18:7‑15)

Isaiah said: "...let them shew the former things..." (Isaiah 41:22); Again: "Remember the former things of old...and from ancient times..." (Isaiah 46:9‑10)

Then Isaiah relates a most revealing statement from God: "For, behold, I create new heavens (NOTE: a plural heavens: more than one) and a new earth: and the former shall not be remembered, nor come into mind." (Isaiah 65:17) Then we have God's Law to confirm the existence of people other than Adam. Cain's wife, which is another question in itself. "And Cain went out from the presence of the Lord...And Cain knew his wife..." (Genesis 4:16‑17)

Now most "Ministers" will repeat that old, old, worn out statement, one which cannot stand a close inspection, hence the instincts of the atheists and agnostics to that fact, giving them more fuel for the consternation they are causing the New Christian: "Cain's wife was his 'sister.'" Choosing to completely ignore God's Law concerning this situation. "The nakedness of thy sister, the daughter of thy father, or daughter of thy mother, whether she be born at home, or born abroad, even their nakedness thou shalt not uncover...The nakedness of thy father's wife's daughter, begotten of thy father, she is thy sister, thou shalt not uncover her nakedness." (Leviticus 18:9, 11); "And if a man shall take his sister, his father's daughter, or his mother's daughter, and see her nakedness, and she see his nakedness; it is a wicked thing; and they shall be cut off in the sight of their people: he hath uncovered his sister's nakedness; he shall bear his iniquity." (Leviticus 20:17)

I can just hear the atheists and agnostics cry out: "But Cain has already broken God's Law once, so why wouldn't he do so a second time." and well he might; and there is ample evidence that he did sin time and time again, But now a second, third and even a fourth person must consent to his' breaking of God's Law. His sister, his father (Adam) and his mother (Eve) must also consent to this violation of God's Law, not just Cain: Which would be consistent with the period of time involved, this would do violence to the Scriptures. Thus this answer is completely unacceptable. Thus, the only logical answer to the question is: Not only were there people on earth before, (Genesis 1:2) but there were others present when God, "formed" a "man" to till the ground, and who was first called "Adam" in Genesis 2:19.

(2) Question: What is the kingdom of God and when was it organized?

Answer: The Children of Israel must have enjoyed a welcome respite from their difficult and tiring journey through the wilderness when they encamped before Mount Sinai. Upon command Moses went up into the mount to converse with God, who said to him: "...Thus shalt thou say to the house of Jacob, and tell the children of Israel; Ye have seen what I did unto the Egyptians, and how I bare you on eagles' wings, and brought you unto myself." (Exodus 19:3‑4)

This message was addressed to the House of Jacob, the very House over which the Angel informed Mary that Jesus Christ would reign over forever. "And he (Jesus) shall reign over the House of Jacob, for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end." (Luke 1:33) The Children of Israel were reminded of their deliverance from Egyptian bondage and their safe journey through the wilderness. The Lord contin­ued on, saying, that if the Children of Israel would obey His voice and keep His covenant, they would be rewarded: "...then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for the earth is mine." (Exodus 19:5)

Having reminded Israel of their deliverance from Egypt and His willing­ness to constitute them a special treasure unto Him above all the other people of the earth if they would obey His voice and keep His covenant, the Lord proposed to make them His Kingdom. If they would do all He commanded, God declared: "And ye shall be unto Me A Kingdom of priests, and an holy na­tion..." (Exodus 19:6) Thus the Lord informed Israel they were to be above all nations and become a kingdom of administrators. But in order to function as His administrators, they were to be unto Him a Kingdom; that is His Kingdom.

Therefore it can be clearly seen that: The birth of the Kingdom of God is clearly set forth in the nineteenth and twentieth chapters of Exodus. So the answer to the question: What is the Kingdom of God, it was/is The House of Jacob, when was it organized: At Mt. Sinai.

(3) Question: Was Noah ignorant of the fact that the juice of Grapes will ferment and make alcohol?

Answer: It has been said by agnostics and atheists: "For Noah to live and grow Grapes for over 600 years and not know that Grapes would ferment and produce alcohol, that would make a man drunk, is just too farfetched for me to comprehend." This statement is in response to the following: "And Noah began to be an husbandman, and he planted a vineyard: And he drank of the wine, and was drunken; and he was uncovered within his tent." (Genesis 9:20‑21)

The explanation is a simple one, the Scriptures testify that Noah had not been a husbandman for 600 years; he only began to be one after the flood. But the main reason as to why Noah did not know wine would ferment is obvious. The atmospheric conditions that made the flood possible also prevented fermentation prior to the Deluge ‑‑ at least not with the rapidity with which fermentation takes place today.

Hence, Noah's first experience with the result of drinking intoxicating grape juice came after the Deluge, and after he had made wine from the first grapes he had cultivated under these new world conditions. In fact, this is one more proof that climatic conditions were greatly altered following the Flood.

(4) Question: What was Ham's sin that caused Noah to curse Ham's descendants?

Answer: This incident has been puzzling to many because the related account does not give easily accessible information. Let's see if we can discern what Ham's sin was from the facts given. We are told that Noah, in a drunken sleep, lay uncovered in his tent: "And he (Noah) drank of the wine, and was drunken; and he was uncovered within his tent. And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father, and told his two brethren without. And Shem and Japheth took a garment, and laid it upon both their shoulders, and went backward, and covered the nakedness of their father; and their faces were backward, and they saw not their father's (Noah's) nakedness. And Noah awoke from his wine, and knew what his younger son had done unto him." [1]

What did Ham do to his father that enabled Noah to know, so that the record states: "And Noah awoke from his wine, and knew what his younger son had done unto him."

It is only reasonable to assume, that if Ham had merely looked upon his father in a drunken stupor, even though he was unclothed, Noah would not have known this when he awoke, nor, even if he had known it, would it have been justification to bring down such a curse as was pronounced upon the offspring of Ham. "And he (Noah) said, Cursed be Canaan [2]; a servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren." [3]

Now, we know that Noah was a Just man, because the Scriptures state that was so: "...Noah was a Just man and perfect in his generations (Race), and Noah walked with God."[4]

Such being the case, we know that Noah would have had to have a reason for him to have placed such a curse upon Ham's descendants.

Many, many people, including "Ministers" who profess(d) to have been "Called" man of God, have passed severe judgement upon Noah for placing such a far‑reaching curse upon Canaan, the son of Ham, if all Ham did was to look upon (at) his father while he lay exposed in a drunken stupor in his tent. And if their supposition were correct, we would have no alternative but to agree that the curse was all out of propor­tion to the crime committed. However, this would have been in contradiction to the Scripture quoted above.[5] So, let us examine and analyze the facts given in the account and see if this was all Ham did.

First, let's consider the fact that evidently Ham was racially distinct from either Japheth or Shem. Is there any justification for the conclu­sion that the mother of Ham was not the mother of Japheth and Shem?

What followed, and the means used by God to prevent the wife Noah had with him in the Ark from bearing more children to Noah, other than Ham, would so indicate. It is certain, as events later recorded in the Scriptures show, that the strain inherited by Ham was not inherited by either Japheth or Sham. Thus, while Noah was the father of all three sons, it can be deduced, by a comprehensive study of the Scriptures, that they could not have had the same mother!

Now, Ham being the youngest, it would follow that the woman who was Noah's wife when he entered the ark would be Ham's mother, but not the mother of either Japheth or Shem. While the Bible is silent on this point, the evidence furnished in the account would lead to such a conclusion.

Thus, while the facts are hidden from general understanding, sufficient evidence is given so that those seeking the truth may comprehend the matter. To help you in understanding how we reach our conclusion, let's regress a little to an earlier scene: "And Noah builded an altar unto the Lord..." [6]

This became an official place of sacrifice, with the family, the entire family, in attendance at that altar service and at subsequent services. Ham, of a necessity, would be one of them, and one who, due to his heritage, through his mother, inherited from those who were in rebellion to God in the antediluvian days, would detest the altar services. But since Noah was his father and the head of the household, he would be compelled to attend whenever Noah officiated.

The revulsion to the spiritual things of God was a foremost character trait in Nimrod, a descendant of Ham. This character trait was also evident in many of the line of Ham, as made clear in the biblical record of those early times. According to Deuteronomy, a man must be physically perfect to officiate at the Lord's altar and this law, laid down for Israel, was no doubt in full operation in the time of Noah, as were many of the other laws later codified for the nation Israel's instruction. "He that is wounded in the stones, or hath his privy member cut off [7], shall not enter into the congregation of the Lord."[8]

Therefore it is obvious, that while Noah was in this helpless and unclothed condition, Ham say an opportunity to prevent his father from continuing the family altar services. Ham evidently did one of two things: He,

(1) Castrated his father or,

(2) Cut off his privy member!

And he then went out and told his brothers what he had done. Thus Shem and Japheth not willing to behold their father in such a condition took the precautions, as stated in the account, when they went to cover him. One other fact to substantiate this outstanding finding is the Hebrew word "ervah," [9] translated "nakedness" in the 23rd verse of the ninth chapter of Genesis, for the same Hebrew word used in Leviticus, chapter 18, and refers to sex acts (misuse) forbidden by God. The Divine condemnation is that "it is wickedness."

There is nothing in the Scriptures forbidding the seeing of another undressed as is the case with doctors, nurses and those who, in the course of duty or by accident, happen to see one unclothed. Had this been the case with Ham, and with no overt act on his part, there would have been no reason whatever for the curse that was pronounced upon his son and all his descendants. Just after the flood we find the following: "And God blessed Noah and his sons, and said unto them (Noah and his three sons ‑‑ He did not exclude Noah in this blessing), be fruit­ful, and multiply, and replenish (here again we see God use the word replenish, hence our previous presentation gains even more confirmation) the earth." [10]

Then turning to the genealogical tables, it is further noted that in every instance, when the death of a man is mentioned, it is also stated, "and he begat," then goes on to name the first born and then naming further sons and daughters.

But, in the case of Noah, there is a difference, for immediately following the account of Ham's sin, and what he had do to his father, the statement is made: "And Noah lived after the flood three hundred and fifty years. And all the days of Noah were nine hundred and fifty years: and he died." [11] It is evident that no more children, either sons or daughters were born to him. Further substantiation is found in: "And the sons of Noah...Shem, and Ham, and Japheth...These are the three sons of Noah: and of them was the whole earth overspread (with the White Race)." [12] The evidence is clear, Noah had no more children. All this evidence proves that Ham's sin was not just "looking" upon (at) his father while he was naked. Ham's sin, that brought about the curse, was: Ham, either (1) Castrated or (2) Cut off the privy member of his father!

(5) Question: Was the wife of Moses a "Negro."

Answer: Because of the following Scripture.

"And Miriam and Aaron spake against Moses because of the Ethiopian woman whom he had married: for he had married an Ethiopian woman."

A great deal of nonsense has been written and taught about this "Ethio­pian" wife Moses. The use of the term "Ethiopian" in referring to Moses' wife has prevented many from understanding to whom the reference was made. It is obvious that Miriam and Aaron described her in that way to voice their contempt for her. The Rev. W.M.H. Milner in his booklet, The Russian Chapters of Ezekiel says: "In Bible geography there were two Cushite areas: one in Asia and one in Africa. Similarly the Greek writers allow for an Eastern and Western Ethiopia." He then goes on to show that Arabia was a part of ancient Eastern Ethiopia. Hence Zipporah would have been a descendent of Shem, who was the grandfather of Abraham. Thus Moses was keeping the Laws as given to him by God and verified by Scripture and that none of the children of Israel was to marry outside of their own race. That Moses' wife was not a "Negro" is substantiated by the story of Phinehas as related in Chapter 25 of the Book of Numbers: "And behold, one of the children of Israel came and brought unto his brethren a Midianitish woman (Negro woman) in the sight of Moses, and in the sight of all the congregation of the children of Isra­el...And when Phinehas...saw it, he rose up from among the congregation, and took a javelin (spear) in his hand; And he went after the man of Israel into the tent, and thrust both of them through, the man of Israel, and the woman through her belly...And the Lord spake unto him my covenant of peace: And he shall have it, and his seed after him, even the covenant of an everlasting priesthood...because, he was zealous for his God, and made an atonement for the children of Israel." [13]

The Book of Jasher relates the story in more detail; so by a careful study we find: "And Moses was eighteen years old when he fled from Egypt from the presence of Pharaoh, and he fled and escaped to the camp of Kikianus, which at that time was besieging Cush. And Moses was nine years in the camp of Kikianus king of Cush, all the time that they were besieging Cush, and Moses went out and came in with them. And the king and princes and all the fighting men loved Moses, for he was great and worthy, his stature was like a noble lion, his face was like the sun, and his strength was like that of a lion, and he was counselor to the king. And at the end of nine years Kikianus was seized with a mortal disease, and his illness prevailed over him, and he died on the seventh day. So his servants embalmed him and carried him and buried him opposite the city gate to the north of the land of Egypt... Now after the death of Kikianus king of Cush it grieved his men and troops greatly on account of the war. So they said one to the other, Give us counsel what we are to do at this time, as we have resided in the wilderness nine years away from our homes... Now therefore let us go and make a king over us, and let us remain in the siege until the city was delivered up to us. And they wished to choose on that day a man for king from the army of Kikianus, and they found no object of their choice like Moses to reign over them. And they hastened and stripped off each man his garments and cast them upon the ground, and they made a great heap and placed Moses thereon. And they rose up and blew with trumpets and called out before him, and said, May the king (Moses) live, may the king live! And all the people and nobles swore unto him to hive him for a wife Adoniah the queen, the Cushite, wife of Kikianus (a Negro woman), and they made Moses king over them on that day...Moses turned not his heart nor his eyes to the wife of Kikianus all the days that he reigned over Cush. And Moses feared the Lord his God all his life, and Moses walked before the Lord in truth, with all his heart and soul, he turned not from the right way all the days of his life; he declined not from the way either to the right or to the left, in which Abraham, Isaac and Jacob had walked...And in the fortieth year of the reign of Moses over Cush, Moses was sitting on the royal throne whilst Adoniah (the Negro woman) the queen was before him, and all the nobles were sitting around him. And Adoniah the queen said before the king and the princes, What is this thing which you, the children of Cush, have done for this long time? Surely you know that for forty years that this man (Moses) has reigned over Cush he has not approached me(had not went to bed and made love with the Negro woman), nor has he served the gods of the children of Cush..." [14]

(6) Question: What were the changes that produced the Dead Sea?

Answer: The Bible not only accurately recounts the history of people and nations, but it also provides data concerning topographical changes upon the Earth and its records are reliable. The true findings of Geologists and Scientists demonstrate the truth of the Bible statements and prove the accuracy of its evidence.

The Dead Sea did not exist prior to the time of the Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. We are told that these two cities were built on a plain, watered by the River Jordan as it flowed to the sea. "And Lot lifted up his eyes, and beheld all the plain of Jordan, that it was well watered everywhere, before the Lord destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah..." [15] Lot chose this plain because of that very reason, "it was well watered." When the invading kings fought against Sodom and Gomorrah, at the time Lot was taken prisoner and Abraham rescued him the plain is described as being full of lime pits. "And the vale of Siddim was full of slimepits..." [16] Job tells us that in this same locality: "...and the rock poured me out rivers of oil." [17]

The River Jordan at that time flowed through this plain and passed on through a well‑defined course between the Sinai Peninsula and Arabia, until it emptied into the Gulf of Akaba, which is a part of the Red Sea. This original river bed of the Jordan can be traced today. When the cities of the plain were destroyed by fire, the nature of this territory, with its asphalt and oil‑laden soil, greatly augmented the great catastrophe. The intense heat and underground explosions made the present territory, now occupied by the Dead Sea, one of the deep depressions upon the earth's surface.

The River Jordan thereupon emptied into this great cavity and it has never been able to overflow this depression. Evaporation among other causes have kept it within these bounds. The old course to the Gulf of Akaba is mute testimony of this disaster which changed the topography of Palestine and prevented the Jordan River from flowing into the sea. The asphalt is gone and the oil is no more. Moses said, in recording these facts, that the Vale of Siddim is now the Dead (Salt) Sea. "All these were joined together in the vale of Siddin which is [18] the salt (Dead) sea." [19]

One last note; For years skeptics were saying that there were no such cities as Sodom and Gomorrah. Their reason for making such statements was because they were unable to locate the site of these two cities. If they had read the Bible account carefully, they would have realized that the Dead Sea covered the ruins. However, in recent years archaeologists have proved this to be the case. So, the plain of the Jordan became a thing of the remote past. Therefore the "plain" of Jordan, once a fertile and well‑watered country and the ancient cities of Sodom and Gomorrah are beneath the waves of the Dead (Salt) Sea.

(7) Question: The Fire of God; What is it?

Answer: The record of the Fire of God, or Fire coming down from God, is first recorded in: "And there came out A fire from the Lord, and consumed the two hundred and fifty men that offered incense." [20]

The second time the "fires of the Lord" appeared or fell in the sight of men was when it was used by God in a demonstration, by Elijah, of the might and power of God during the trial with the prophets of Baal. "Then the fire of the Lord fell..." [21] Then briefly: "And after the earthquake a fire; but the Lord was not in the fire..." [22]

Again when: "Then the king sent unto him a captain of fifty with his fifty...and Elijah answered...If I be a man of God, then let fire come down from heaven, and consume thee and thy fifty. And there came down fire from heaven, and consumed him and his fifty. Again also he sent unto him another captain of fifty with his fifty...And the fire of God came down from heaven, and consumed him and his fifty." [23] Again when Solomon was dedicating the Temple ‑‑ the House of the Lord: "Now when Solomon had made an end of praying, the fire came down from heaven, and consumed the burnt offering and the sacrifices..." [24] Then during Jobs trial: "...the fire of God is fallen from heaven..." [25]

There are many more verses which could be quoted, but space does not permit: A partial list is as follows Psalm 18:8, 21:9, 50:3, 97:3, Isaiah 66:15, Ezekiel 38:19, 38:22, 39:6, Hosea 8:14 and etc. This "fire of God" appears to be comparable with the energy released by the splitting of the atom. Ezekiel and Esdras describe the destruction of the armies of evil aggression in the conflict of the ages in the following terms: "For in my jealousy and in the fire of my wrath have I spoken...And I will plead against him with Pestilence and with Blood; and I will rain upon him, and upon his bands, and upon the many people that are with him, an overflowing rain, and great hailstones, fire, and brimstone." [26]; "And after this I beheld, and, lo, all they which were gathered together to subdue him were sore afraid, and yet durst fight. And, lo, as he saw the violence of the multitude that came, he neither lifted up his head, nor held sword, nor any instrument of war: But only I saw that he sent out of his mouth as it had been a blast of fire, and out of his lips a flaming breath, and out of his tongue he cast out sparks and tempests. And they were all mixed together; the blast of fire, the flaming breath, and the great tempest; and fell with violence upon the multitude which was prepared to fight, and burned them up every one, so that upon a sudden of an innumerable multitude nothing was to be perceived, but only dust and smell of smoke: when I saw this I was afraid." [27]

(8) Question: Why did God select the Earth for the abode of the Human Race?

Answer: As Christians we recognize the fact that God is at the center of all creation; therefore, His over-all plans and purposes are for the limitless universe, not just the Earth.

Therefore, from the evidence and information available to us we can deduce that God, in choosing the dwelling place of man and the size assigned as the stature of those who are to inherit all things with His Son (Jesus), God in His Wisdom selected the Planet at the point of division which is the mean (A Mathematical Phrase) between the greatest and the smallest in creation for the abode and development of the human race.

This is one way to account for the earth, a mere speck in the immensity of space, becoming man's habitation, for, from the earth as his vantage point, man can look in either direction. Through the telescope, peering into the heavens, he beholds the infinity of greatness. Solomon evidently had this in mind when he spoke of the mysteries of God and the honor that comes to men who are able to search out these secrets. On one occasion he referred to the greatness in the heavens above and to the minuteness in the depths of the earth below, concluding that all is a mystery and unsearchable. "The heaven for height, and the earth for depth...is unsearchable." [28]

(9) Question: What is the origin of the present hate-God campaign and what nation originally made war against God's Throne?

Answer: Amalek, Grandson of Esau, came out and fought against Israel while they were encamped at Rephidim. Moses told Joshua, Captain of the Armies of Israel, to choose men and go out to resist Amalek's attack. He in turn would stand on the top of the hill with the Rod of God in his hand. Joshua did as Moses commanded him and fought against the Amalekites while Moses, taking Aaron and Hur with him, went up to the top of the hill.

While Moses held up his hands toward heaven Israel prevailed in battle, but when he lowered them the tide of battle turned in favor of Amalek. Presently Moses' arms became weary, so they placed a boulder for him to sit upon and Aaron and Hur took stations on each side of him supporting his arms. This they did until the sun went down and Joshua completely defeated Amalek, giving no quarter. The story is related in Exodus 17:8‑13. Because the hand of Amalek had been raised against the Throne of Jehovah, the Lord declared He would be at war with Amalek from generation to generation. To show that Amalek did raise his hand against the Throne of Jehovah, we present the following: "And ye shall be unto me a kingdom..." [29] Thus making God the King of Israel. Later, when Balak hired Balaam to curse Israel, Balaam blessed the people instead. At that time he pointed out the fact that Amalek was the first of the nations to war against Israel, but in the latter days his posterity would perish forever. "And when he looked on Amalek, he took up his parable, and said, Amalek was the first of the nations...But his latter end shall be that he perish for ever."[30]

(10) Question: What did God use to make the Sun, Earth, Stars, Planets and all the known elements.

Answer: When we pause to consider God's mighty work of Creation in the beginning, it is important to note the primary definition of the word "Create" which means "To cause to be" or "To come into existence."

Scientists today have become cognizant of what the Bible has all the time declared to be so, that the Universe was Created out of Pure Energy, but even knowing this, they do not, or will not, recognize God as the Creator. Contemplating the majestic order of creation, John provides the information that in the beginning Jesus (The Word) existed: “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God...The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made." [31]

The phrase "came into existence" implies that substance, or matter was non‑existent prior to the first creative act. Science has now arrived at this same profound conclusion. An article titled "Science Proves the Story of Creation" by Norman Carlisle, in the magazine "Coronet" in December 1949, reports recent scientific findings in relation to the creation of the universe. Throughout the ages men of God have accepted these facts by faith which are only now becoming apparent to men of science who, in spite of this revelation, still refuse to give God the honor and glory. The story published in Cornet is fascinating and breathtaking as it tells how scientists have contributed the results of their research to reconstruct a graphic picture of the creation of the universe. Many mysteries that have baffled men for centuries have now been solved. This article is recommended reading for every Bible student, for it throws interesting light upon the authenticity of the records of the Scriptures.

Mr. Carlisle points out that, whether by the examination of radioactivity in the ancient rock structure of the earth, or the study of the revolutions of the Milky Way and their effect upon star clusters, or in the examination of the tremendous speed of a fleeing universe reversed to its starting point, science has now been able to pin‑point the time of creation.  Through mathematical calculations involving all these factors, it is no recognized that the universe was born in a matter of minutes, in a single tremendous act of Creation in a given place in space.

(11) Question: Why does God permit evil?

Answer: The reason is, he proves, or tests, His people to see whether or not they will reject evil and accept good, keeping His Commandments and Laws and serve Him alone, training them in the way they should act and conduct themselves in His service, in His Kingdom.

This is much the same as mankind does with inductees into the armed services. Where they have to undergo a period to see if they will qualify to serve, to train them in the way they should conduct themselves in the services.

(12) Question: Who was Melchizedek, The King of Salem?

Answer: After the rescue of lot by Abraham, we are introduced to a very interesting person. That person was Melchizedek, King of Salem, and He was none other than Shem, the Son of Noah. Shem, as a preacher of righteousness was, at that time, King of Salem, the Ancient name of JeruSALEM. "And Melchizedek king of Salem...was the priest of the most High God." [32]

It was the celebration of what was afterward known as the Lord's Supper. The significance of this was well known in Abraham's day. A Priest (Preacher of Righteousness) after the order of Melchizedek broke the bread and gave the wine to Abraham. Later, it is declared that Jesus Christ is a Priest forever of the same order.[33] Between the reign of this king, to whom Abraham gave tithes and from whom he received the sacraments, and the coming of Jesus Christ, who was to continue the office forever, is a very interesting period in history. During that time Abraham's seed grew into a multitude of people. At the beginning of a new dispensation Jesus instituted anew the giving of the bread and wine, and the seed of Abraham received this in memory of His Sacrifice for them.

(13) Question: What actually happened when Saul consulted the Witch of En-Dor?

Answer: Spiritualists sometimes cite Saul's experience as evidence of the ability of men to consult the dead and to receive from them information about the future. But they fail to point to the results following such dealings with familiar spirits, an example of which the Bible sets forth as the consequence of Saul's disobedience to the law. "So Saul died for his transgression which he committed against the Lord, even against the word of the Lord, which he kept not, and also for asking counsel of one that had familiar spirit, to enquire of it." [34]

Let it be known to those who wish to cite the appearance of Samuel as evidence that a medium can bring up the dead take note that the witch of En‑dor, herself was surprised and shocked when Samuel actually did appear. She had expected to deal with a familiar spirit as in the past, but evidently God intervened directly and raised up the prophet to rebuke Saul. This Divine intervention terrified the woman. Therefore as a result Saul, the King, was revealed to her as being present and this increased her discomfiture. Nowhere in the Scriptures does the Bible deny the fact of the possibility of dealing with familiar spirits, although the practice is absolutely forbidden.

All those who do this are under Divine Condemnation. Neither does the Bible indicate, other than in this experience, by Saul, that the departed dead themselves are involved in such communications, But it does declare that such supernatural manifestations are the result of evil spirits impersonating the dead. God's Israel people are forbidden to have any dealings with them, and since Saul knew the Law of the Lord, he sinned presumptuously in going to consult the witch of En‑dor, death followed as a result of his sin.

(14) Question: Why are two different prices recorded for the threshing floor David purchased for the Temple site?

Answer: The Prophet of God came to David and told him he was to set up an altar in the threshing floor of Arounah.[35]

The King immediately went to Araunah who was at that time threshing wheat upon his threshing floor. The Angel of the Lord was standing near the threshing floor and Araunah turned and saw Him (Araunah was interpreted by the translators to be "Ornan" in 1 Chronicles 21. His four sons also saw the Angel of the Lord and they went and hid themselves [36]. When Araunah (Ornan) saw David coming, he went out to meet him and David asked him the price he wanted for the threshing floor. The King (David) said he wished to purchase it for an altar unto the Lord so that the plague might be stayed. Araunah offered to give David the threshing floor and the necessary oxen to make the sacrifice. David replied, however, that he would purchase it from him, saying: "...I will not take that which is thine for the Lord, nor offer burnt offerings without cost." [37] David thus refers to the need of giving to the Lord that which had cost him something. It would be well for Christians to consider the importance of this testimony of a Great King. God requires that we honor the Lord with our substance and with the first fruits of our increase, not with someone else's possession's or with that which is at no cost to us. If David had accepted the offer made by Araunah (Ornan), it would have been Araunah's sacrifice not David's, so David purchased the threshing floor. Now, in recording the purchase made by David,[38] declares he (David) paid fifty shekels of silver for it: "...So David bought the threshing floor and the oxen for fifty shekels of gold by weight." [39] This apparent discrepancy in the record has been used by atheists and agnostics in their attacks upon the Bible as they endeavor to prove it to be contradictory. On the surface, the above two different prices would apparently give credibility to their criticism. The fact is that both accounts are right, the first and smaller amount [40] being paid for just the threshing floor itself, while the larger amount [41] was given for the entire field containing the threshing floor. In referring to the Hebrew word "MAKOM," translated "threshing floor" in 1 Chronicles 21:22, The Companion Bible has this to say about this passage: "Hebrew 'MAK0M,' as in Ruth 4:10. Referring to the whole place, afterward the Temple area. Not Hebrew 'GOREN,' as in 2 Samuel 24:24, which was merely the threshing floor, as in Ruth 3:2. Hence 600 shekels of gold for the former, but only 50 shekels for the latter. Two distinct transactions." So, after the purchase(s) were completed, David built an altar there and placed his sacrifice upon it. Then fire came down from heaven,[42] consuming the offering. The plague was stayed, for the Lord answered David when he sacrificed to Him at the threshing floor as he was directed. Later on this threshing floor, and the field surrounding it, became the site of the Temple that Solomon built unto the Lord.

(15) Question: Why is Noah, who was the tenth in generation from Adam, called the eighth preacher of righteousness.

Answer: The line is given from Adam, through Seth, to Noah, the eighth preacher of righteousness.

"And spared not the old world, but saved Noah the eighth person, a preacher of righteousness..." [43]

But Noah was the tenth in generation. He was but the eighth in the priestly line for Enoch was translated before his father died and did not come to the priestly office [44].

Methuselah, the son of Enoch, took the office from his grandfather Jared, the father of Enoch. Methuselah, in turn, outlived his son Lamech, thus the office passed directly to his grandson Noah, the son of Lamech.[45] Thus Noah became the eighth Preacher of Righteousness, though the tenth in generation, because these two, Enoch and Lamech, never succeeded to the priestly office.

(16) Question: What are the astronomical facts demonstrating the validity of Joshua's long day?

Answer: The battle against the five kings was at its height when Joshua issued his famous prayer.

"Then spake Joshua to the Lord...in the sight of Israel, Sun, stand thou still upon Gibeon; and thou, Moon, in the valley of Ajalon. And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies...So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day. And there was no day like that before it or after it, that the Lord harkened unto the voice of a man..." [46]

Without exception atheists, agnostics and skeptics have made all manner of fun of such a day as is described in the Book of Joshua. Theologians and church members have questioned the accuracy of the account. With few exceptions Bible Dictionaries and Encyclopedias either ignore it altogether or declare Joshua was mistaken, assuming the day seemed to have been lengthened because of the extensive marching and fighting on the part of the Israelites.

The stock‑in‑trade argument against its occurrence is that if the earth, sun and moon remained in the positions as described by Joshua, the earth would have had to stop its spinning. This, we are told, would have been disastrous as the earth turns upon its axis at the rate of about 1000 miles per hour.

To suddenly stop turning would bring chaos, not only because of the loss of gravity, but the earth itself would fly to pieces. There is no way of knowing exactly what would happen if the earth did stop spinning. However, even if their arguments are sound, there is still another explanation showing how the long day could occur without effecting the turning of the earth upon its axis. It is a law of physics that every force acts independently of every other. While the earth is spinning, a force which is independent of the force causing this spin could be applied, affecting the polar regions and causing the earth to turn over upon a second axis independent of the polar axis of the earth without affecting in any degree its original spinning.

This can be illustrated (demonstrated) with a spinning top or gyroscope which can be turned over without affecting its spinning. The north pole could be made to make a complete circle, or one revolution, returning to its former position while the earth continued to spin on its axis and move forward in its path around the sun. At the same time, through the new motion given to the poles, a given point on earth would be kept directly under the sun for the duration of this turnover.

The temporary second motion given to the earth would not interfere with the effects produced by the continuation of the spinning of the Earth upon its own axis or its movement around the Sun. The only recognized change would be that the sun would remain in an apparently stationary position over the point where upon the earth the new axis would be established, caused by the turning of the poles. This relative position would be maintained even while the earth spun upon its own axis as long as the ratio of turning given to the poles was such that it compensated for the surface movement at a given point directly under the sun.

It is not our purpose to say that this is what did happen, for we do not know, however it is our objective to show what could have happened! That the relative positions of the Earth, Sun and Moon could be maintained, as requested by Joshua, without affecting in the least the Earth's motion, both in its spinning upon it's axis and in it's movement around the Sun. If you are not willing, because of unbelief or not understanding the physical laws of all of God's creation.

Consider another interesting thought which has been interjected by some. But even that thought is merely an extension of the foregoing presentation. The Biblical account establishes the fact of an astronomical disturbance of great intensity which proceeded the beginning of Joshua's "long day." It was so severe that great stones came down from heaven so that more of the enemies of Israel died from this shower of stones (meteorites) than were slain by the armies of Joshua.[47]

The context clearly indicate that a tremendous meteoric shower proceeded the event which caused the earth, sun and moon to remain in the relative positions as described by Joshua. This condition could have been the result of an interspace visitor (Comet, small planet or Asteroid) come into our solar system, showering the earth with great meteoric stones, and at the same time exert such a tremendous influence at the polar regions, causing the earth's axis to make one complete rotation? The field of force responsible for holding the axis of the earth in its present position could have momentarily interfered with by the close sweep of a comet or other celestial body with a highly magnetic core.

This body could have induced a secondary field of force, acting upon the earth, which is itself a magnet, much as a magnet impulse acts upon the armature of a rotor, causing it to turn. The influence thus exerted upon the earth by a new field of force would have none of the evil effects, and the duration of those effects would be drastically reduced, from a direct contact between a celestial visitor and the earth, but it would nevertheless exert a tremendous pull upon it.

Thus, when the earth had tuned half way over, it would continue on and complete the revolution, even though the magnetic mass had passed on beyond the earth's orbit by that time, and right itself again in the original field of force.

All this would be possible if a comet or other celestial body passed close enough to the earth to set up a powerful field of force. The fact that a spectacular meteoric shower preceded the long day clearly indicates that such a heavenly visitor did graze the earth's surface as it sped through the heavens in its path around the sun.

Can there by any doubt that, here we have one of the most interesting accounts in the Scriptures of a physical phenomena that effected the relative motions of our sun, moon and earth. It is an account of a stupendous miracle wrought for the benefit of Israel. Who is the person who can question the power of Almighty God. For it is beyond question that He who created all things could surely impose upon that creation the conditions which made the event recorded in the Book of Joshua possible. And still not break any of the laws of physics which He (God) Himself set in motion during the creation of all things.

Question: Why does the Bible declare that Solomon sat upon the Throne of the Lord?

Answer: Following the death of David, the statement is made: "Then Solomon sat on The Throne of The Lord..." [48]

The significant reference to Solomon sitting upon the Throne of the Lord is overlooked by many. The full purport of its meaning is lost to them because they refuse to recognize that the Kingdom established at Mount Sinai is the Kingdom over which Jesus Christ is to rule when He takes the Throne of His father David and reigns over the House of Jacob forever.[49] Christian men and women have overlooked a fundamental fact that, where there is a Throne, there must also be a kingdom; for a throne cannot exist apart from a kingdom.

It therefore follows that, if Solomon sat upon the Throne of the Lord, then The Kingdom over which that Throne is established must of a necessity be the Kingdom of God, for His Throne cannot exist over any kingdom other than His Own. Therefore, if Solomon sat upon the throne of the Lord and reigned over all Israel, then all Israel comprise the people of the Kingdom of God upon Earth.

It cannot be otherwise, When God organized Israel into a Kingdom at Mt. Sinai, He said to them: "And ye shall be unto me a Kingdom of Priests..." [50] This is confirmed by the statement in Hosea expressing God's relationship to His people: "I will be thy king..." [51]

Therefore, it is evident that, The Throne in Israel is the Throne of the Lord, and is of course to be occupied by men of the Royal Line of David, and is to be given ultimately to our Lord and King, Jesus Christ, when He returns in triumph to receive it.

The relationship established at Mt. Sinai between God and Israel when the people of the House of Jacob were organized into His Kingdom, has never been abrogated; and that relationship continues to this very day!!! Now you know what Jesus was making reference to when He told the scribes and Pharisees, who had usurped the rulership over Israel from it legitimate leaders, when He said: "Therefore say I unto you, the kingdom of God shall be taken from you..." [52]

Also, with this information the parable of the Wheat and the Tares becomes clear and understandable: "Another parable put he forth unto them, saying. The Kingdom of Heaven (God's Kingdom) is likened unto a man which sowed good seed in his field (Christ sowed the good seed: Adam, but)...while men slept (descendants of Adam), his enemy came and sowed tares among the wheat (Satan when he seduced Eve: which brought forth Cain), and went his way. But when the blade was sprung up, and brought forth fruit, then appeared the tares also (Ham who was a descendant of Cain through his mother). So the servants (Angels) of the householder (Jesus) came and said unto him, Sir, didst thou sow good seed in thy field? from whence then hath it tares (The Angels ask of Christ, if you sowed good seed then where did the tares come from?)? He (Jesus) said unto them (Angels), An enemy (Satan) hath done this. The servants (Angels) said unto him (Christ), Wilt thou then that we go and gather them up? But he said, Nay; lest while ye gather up the tares, ye root up also the wheat with them. Let both grow together until the harvest: and in the time of harvest (end of the world) I will say to the reapers, gather ye together first the tares(See the evil ones are to be gathered first (no Rapture) the enemies of Christ are to be gathered First!), and bind them in bundles to burn them: but gather the wheat into my barn (and where is the barn? Of course it is on earth)." [53]

Jesus then goes on to explain the parable: "...and his disciples came unto him, saying, Declare unto us the parable of the tares of the field. He answered and said unto them, He that soweth the good seed is the Son of man; the field is the world; the good seed are the children of the kingdom; but the tares are the children of the wicked one; The enemy that sowed (seduced Eve) them is the devil (Satan); the harvest is the end of the world (age); and the reapers are the angels. As therefore the tares are gathered and burned in the fire; so shall it be in the end of this world(age). The Son of man shall send forth his angels, and they shall gather out of his kingdom (and where is His kingdom Jesus just told you it is the world) all things that offend, and them that do iniquity (do you think for even a moment that the wicked could enter Heaven?); And shall cast them into a furnace of fire..." [54]

This, then, brings to light an interesting question in view of the untenable position taken by some theologians and "Ministers" that the Throne of David is no longer in existence and that it cannot now be occupied by a line of Kings of the House of David reigning over Israel (at least a portion of Israel).

If this were true, then how could God fulfill His promise to give that throne to His Son? If God is to be true to His promise, that throne must still be in existence, and to have been occupied by an unbroken line of rulers from the time of David to the present day.

The existence of the Kingdom itself must be a fact of recorded history, over which a king has exercised rulership. The Throne of the Lord has continued as promised without a break and today a reigning monarch of the line of David is sitting upon that throne ruling over part of the House of Israel.

God has not forsaken His people; He has kept His word: "...I will not cast them away, neither will I abhor them, to destroy them utterly, and to break my covenant with them: for I am the Lord their god. But I will for their sakes remember the covenant of their ancestors, whom I brought forth out of the land of Egypt in the sight of the heathen, that I might be their God: I am the Lord." [55] The Northern ten‑tribed Kingdom of Israel, or the House of Israel, is a fact of recorded history and is represented today in the Anglo‑Saxon, Germanic, Celtic people and the throne established in the British Isles is the Throne of David! For if that Throne is not still in existence then there is no Throne for Jesus Christ to receive when He returns!

Question: Who were the Sons of God who married the Daughters of Men?

Answer: The Bible relates that the Sons of God married the Daughters of Men: "And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them, That the Sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose." [56]

Who were these sons of God? The Scriptures very clearly show that they were personalities apart from human creation. That a Satanic personality entered the Garden of Eden for the purpose of tempting man. So, too, in the days of Noah, the evidence indicates that these sons of God were not of the human race. The Book of Job tells of the sons of God presenting themselves before the Lord, "and Satan came also among them."  "Now there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the Lord, and Satan came also among them." [57] The discussion there had to do with earthly matters. Satan accused men of serving God for what he received and consequently God allowed Job to be tested. The test was watched with marked interest by those assembled. It is also declared in the Bible that when the earth Was created, eons of ages ago, the morning stars sang together and the sons of God shouted for joy. "...when I laid the foundations of the earth?...When the morning stars sang together, and all the sons of God shouted for joy?" [58]

In the Book of Enoch it is stated that angels, the children of heaven, saw the daughters of men and observed that they were fair, so they married whomsoever they pleased. "It happened after the sons of men had multiplied in those days...daughters were born to them, elegant and beautiful. [59] And when the angels, the sons of heaven, beheld them, they became enamored of them, saying to each other: Come, let us select for ourselves wives from the progeny of men, and let us beget children. Then their leader Samyaza (Satan) said to them; I fear that you may perhaps be indisposed to the performance of this enterprise; And that I alone shall suffer for so grievous a crime. But they answered him and said: We all swear; And bind ourselves by mutual execrations, that we will not change our intention, but execute our projected undertaking. Then they swore all together, and all bound themselves by mutual execrations. Their whole number was two hundred... descended upon Ardis, which is the top of Mt. Armon. That mountain, therefore, they called Armon, because they had sworn upon it, and bound themselves by mutual execrations. Then they took wives, each choosing for himself; whom they began to approach, and with whom they cohabited; teaching them sorcery, incantation, and the dividing of roots and trees. And they conceiving brought forth giants [60]; Whose stature was each three hundred cubits. These devoured all which the labor of men produced; until it became impossible to feed them; When they turned themselves against men, in order to devour them; And began to injure birds, beasts, reptiles, and fishes, to eat their flesh one after another, and to drink their blood [61]..." [62]

It is stated also that in the days of Jared, two hundred angles descended for this purpose. The name, Jared, means "to descend." The children of these forbidden unions were giants. This is the origin of the stores of giants which have come down to us in folklore. Moreover, the Book of Enoch speaks of the secrets, powers and practices, taught to men by the angels, and resulted in violence and sin. Peter was making reference to this irruption of angels in the time of Noah prior to the flood, and the consequences, when he said: "For if God spared not the angels that sinned..." [63] Jude also refers to this time when he Speaks of: "And the angels which kept not their first estate..." [64] It matters not if men will believe it or not, the Bible teaches that demons do exist. It declares they are disembodied spirits and the evidence points to the fact that they are the spirits of those antediluvian whose mothers were mortal but whose fathers were immortal, whose bodies were destroyed in the Deluge (flood) in the days of Noah. If this is true, it accounts for the restlessness of these disembodied spirits seeking to be clothed in another earthly body.

Question: God said He would use Stinging Insects to help His people. When were they used by Him in modern times.

Answer: In the course of Joshua's farewell address he referred to Hornets being used of God to drive out two of the Amorite Kings and against whom Israel did not have to use sword or bow. And which were also prophesied of in Exodus: "And I will send hornets (stinging insects) before thee..." [65]; "...I sent the hornet before you, which drave them out from before you, even the two kings of the Amorites; but not with thy sword, nor with thy bow."[66]

Hornets are stinging insects and we have a most interesting record in modern times of such (stinging) insects being used of God for the purpose of enabling Israel (America) to come into the possession of one of the great waterways of the earth.

It is well known that God promised that the seed of Abraham would possess the gateways, or waterways, of the earth. These were promised them as a part of their inheritance. One of the great gateways (waterways) of the world is the Panama Canal; France commenced the construction of this waterway. Although the building of the canal was condemned by the Church of Rome, the French would have continued their work of digging the canal and would probably have completed its construction except for a scourge of malaria, which caused the death of thousands. As a result the work ceased and the United States (Israel) was given the construction rights to the canal.

So, we can clearly see that the Lord used a stinging insect to drive out a nation so that they might not come into the possession of a waterway that would be a gateway between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. This is one of the principal gateways of the world and was reserved by God for His People Israel (America).

And it would still be an American (Israel) possession were it not for traitorous leaders under the control of Christ's Enemies: The Jews! It was later discovered that malaria was the result of the sting from a Malaria-Bearing Mosquito (a stinging insect), but this discovery did not become known until the French had abandoned their operations. Then Israel (America) marched in, conquered the insect (God was through with them and it was not His purpose to use them against His People) and completed the construction of the canal, which is today still one of the major waterways between two oceans.

Question: Were there Israelites in North America before Columbus?

Answer: Yes North America was inhabited by Israelites 2000 years or more before 1492: There are archeological discoveries that have been made which show a strong correlation to the Bible. For when people think of Israel in the Bible they assume that all the events which happened to Israel did so in the little country known as Palestine; today it is called Israel. And therefore the Israelites could not have been very important in the ancient world.

However, Daniel told us that knowledge would increase in the latter days: "But thou, O Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, even to the time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased." [67] Also, Daniel tells us that many things will be kept secret until the latter days: "And he said, Go thy way, Daniel: for the words are closed up and sealed till the time of the end." [68]

Many of these recent archeological discoveries combined with secular and Biblical history give us a shockingly different perspective of the ancient world in general and ancient Israel in particular.

We will attempt to show you evidence which will prove ancient Israel was an empire. It had a homeland in Palestine, and a far-flung empire much the same as Britain did until just a few decades ago. Britain once ruled over a far-flung empire from a small homeland, located in the British Isles. In the years from about 1050-850 B.C. Israel was the dominant power of the world with an empire that rivaled and perhaps exceeded that of the Caesars. The empire included areas of the world now inhabited by the Israelite people and that included portions of North America. We full well understand this is a bold statement, but the evidence will follow. In this study we will examine the real extent of Israel's power and empire in the ancient world; the Israelite presence in North America with considerable specifics.

The impact of the drought of Elijah's day on the weakening of Israel and the rise of Cartage, which we will show was an Israelite colony. Cartage continued Israel's presence in the New World, very possibly even during Christ's lifetime here on earth. The time of Israel's greatness really began with King David and its rise to empire status.

This happened in about the year 1050 B.C. 2 Samuel 8 discusses David's defeat of the Philistines, Moab, Amalek, Edom, and the Syrians for example lost more than 80,000 men in just three battles [69]. That is more men than the United States lost in the 14 years of the Vietnam War. To give you a perspective of the ferocity of the battles.

1 Chronicles 21 shows that David could mobilize over 1½ million men. With an army of that size you are not insignificant, not even in this age, this day and time. In 1 Chronicles 18:3 it states the border of his dominion went to the Euphrates River which bordered the area of Assyria and Babylon; or Mesopotamia who viewed David as an upstart rival.

The Phoenicians were the city states of Tyre and Sidon, and had a far flung empire on land and sea. They were the best sailors in the ancient world at that time, and they saw the rise of David and Israel and made an alliance with them. They were a common race of Semitic people; they also had a common language.

There were only dialectic differences between Hebrew and the Phoenician tongue. 1 Kings 17:9-16 relates where Elijah met with a Phoenician or Zidonan widow, and they had immediate discourse, with no difficulty at all in communication. King Hiram the king of Tyre made David a palace and they became very close allies as 1 King 5:1 shows.

The Israelite Phoenician alliance was an ancient super power, with all twelve tribes of Israel united they sat astride the area where three continents met; they had the world's greatest navy in the Phoenicians combined with David's one and one-half million man army. And David was not the least bit reluctant to use it.

They were challenged by Assyria and Mesopotamia, which is almost totally unknown by most and yet it is related in the Bible. There was a revolt in Ammon which is a pretext for war between many nations and the Israelites. It is discussed in 1 Chronicles 19 and 20 in some detail.

There were 32 thousands chariots from Mesopotamia alone [70] that came to fight David's army in this battle. There was also an unknown number of men from Mesopotamia and Syria which included a number of different people which fought with Ammon against Israel.

In verse 9 we can see it was a national effort with a number of different nations to destroy Israel as it states their kings came to watch the battle. "And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array before the gate of the city: and the kings that were come were by themselves in the field." [71]

So, we can clearly see, this was not just a mercenary effort, this was a matter of national commitment against Israel. Israel won the first round and also the second which left them with no one in the area to challenge them.

If you will look at Psalm 83, which was likely written by David at this time where he lists many nations that come to help the children of Lot, which also included Ammon to destroy Israel from off the face of the earth. "Keep not thou silence, O God: hold not thy peace, and be not still, O God. For, lo, thine enemies make a tumult: and they that hate thee have lifted up the head. They have taken crafty counsel against thy people, and consulted against thy hidden ones. They have said, Come, and let us cut them off from being a nation; that the name of Israel may be no more in remembrance. For they have consulted together with one consent: they are confederate against thee: The tabernacles of Edom, and the Ishmaelites; of Moab, and the Hagarenes; Gebal, and Ammon, and Amalek; the Philistines with the inhabitants of Tyre; Assur also is joined with them: they have holpen the children of Lot. Selah. Do unto them as unto the Midianites; as to Sisera, as to Jabin, at the brook of Kison: Which perished at Endor: they became as dung for the earth. Make their nobles like Oreb, and like Zeeb: yea, all their princes as Zebah, and as Zalmunna: Who said, Let us take to ourselves the houses of God in possession. O my God, make them like a wheel; as the stubble before the wind. As the fire burneth a wood, and as the flame setteth the mountains on fire; So persecute them with thy tempest, and make them afraid with thy storm. Fill their faces with shame; that they may seek thy name, O Lord. Let them be confounded and troubled for ever; yea, let them be put to shame, and perish: That men may know that thou, whose name alone is JEHOVAH, art the most high over all the earth." [72]

Secular history has recorded that Assyria's Empire went into eclipse or confusion, some encyclopedias call it, between 1100-900 B.C. Halley's Bible Handbook comments on it also, and states that ancient Israel was much stronger than Assyria, Babylon or Egypt. This is the same period as Israel's golden age under David and Solomon. And is glossed over in almost all historical texts, if they even cover it at all.

What happened to Assyria? It was defeated badly in a war against Israel's army, as we learn from 1 Chronicles and Psalm 83. The texts of ancient history will not tell you this nor will it give great credibility as the Bible is the Word of God.

Assyria and other nations had provoked Ammon to start this war, and this will give you a little indication of how large an area that David ruled. In Psalm 83 he named the nations that became a part of this war, which included Assyria and in all likelihood became a vassal state to David.  It included the Ishmaelites, which included the Arabian Peninsula and people we don't know where they lived in the east, so we really don't know how large an are David actually ruled. But he did rule from Egypt to somewhere about the middle of the modern nation of Iran. Ether directly or through vassal states as a result of that war. But Israel was the dominant super power of the ancient world at this time.

Is there evidence of an Israelite Empire? The answer is Yes! But the secular historians will rarely call it an Israelite Empire, they will call it a Phoenician Empire. Most people who do not realize the difference between Judah and Israel balk at this major role for Israel because they think the Jews were the Israelites and the Jews have always been few in number, but they don't realize that the men from Judah were only a small part of David's army at this time. It is true that David was of the tribe of Judah but he, also, had eleven other tribes to provide manpower.

The Phoenician Empire is credited by historians as being dominant in the Mediterranean Sea; as being present in substantial numbers in the British Isles, the West Coast of Europe and Africa in the period of about 1100-800 B.C. and they are not at all bashful in calling it a Phoenician Empire. This coincides with the exact time that Assyria was put down and the Bible tells us that David had defeated the Assyrians. It also coincides with Israel's greatness and the allegiance of the Phoenician city Israelites; show Phoenicia took pains to join with them because they did not wish to be their enemy. 1 Chronicles 22 relates that David accumulated for the Temple of God iron and brass beyond calculation. [73]

Warrner Keller in his book "The Bible is History" states: "Israel was using the Bessemer system of smelting, which was nor re-discovered until recently in the modern era...Essian Gebar was the Pittsburgh of ancient Palestine."

That nowhere else in the fertile crescent which includes Mesopotamia could such a large smelting facility be found. We see by this that Israel was not just an agriculture only nation but they were also the industrial power house of the ancient world.

Dr. Berry Fells book "Bronze Age America" cites evidence that ½ billions of copper ore was taken from mines near Lake Superior in North America, in roughly 2000-1000 B.C. The dates include the time of David's reign, at the tail end of it, as the ore apparently ran out for they have no evidence that it was mined after that.

It could be that the Israelites simply worked the mines to death, or to where they could not be mined economically at that point. Which Fell states that this New World copper mine output there is no evidence what became of it. There is no evidence it was used in this hemisphere at all. And they have no idea where the copper came from which was smelted in Palestine during this time. Putting this evidence together and one comes up with the assumption that this copper was shipped from North America to Palestine by boat and was used by Israel in its huge smelting facilities in Palestine. The Phoenician/Israelite presence in America has abundantly shown to be real. At this point, we must, in all fairness, present just one of the many stories which abound which make reference to our Israel ancestors coming to America thousands of years Before Columbus.

The following is taken from an article in National Geographic, December 1977: "The New Word: Who, from the Old first touched its shore? Historians held for centuries that it was Christopher Columbus. By current consensus, it was Norse voyagers of a thousand years ago. But perhaps it was a group of shadowy, yet very real, Irish seafaring monks who predated even the Vikings by more than four centuries. In the great pantheon of New World explorers no name is more intriguing, or more clouded in controversy, than that of Ireland's St. Brendan. His legend, today more tantalizing than ever, has persisted through the centuries in the form of a Christians imram, an Irish saga: Navigatio Sancti Brendani Abbatis, Voyage of Saint Brendan the Abbot. With 17 fellow monks, it relates, Brendan sailed to Terra Repromissionis Sanctorum, the land promised to the Saints, somewhere beyond the far reaches of the Western Atlantic. Was the Promised Land North America? Did St. Brendan actually reach it in the sixth century? Neither history nor archeology offers proof." [74]

The statement ("Neither history nor archeology offers proof") is totally untrue, and I believe the publishers of National Geographic knew it at the time of the publication. Most of us have read (from reputable history books) of the adventures of Lief Eriksson and his party in the founding of Vinland circa A.D. 800-1400 in the area of the St. Lawrence River in the North-eastern United States and Canada. Although they predated the Columbus voyage by many centuries, were the expeditions of Lief Eriksson the first discovery of what is now known as the United States? There were Christians living in America over 100 years before Columbus arrived in the Caribbean. The official historians of this country have known this for many, many years. Yet, none of this is discussed as a national heritage. Why is this?

Those of us who are interested in finding petroglyphs, or ancient symbols and pictures engraved on stones, have wondered about the meaning of them. All we could do was wonder and speculate until the science of deciphering ancient and unknown languages was developed. The science is called Epigraphics and it has been developed into a rather sophisticated science. Symbols, for example, mean something, but what?

Epigraphics. Until a few years ago geologists told us that the numerous short and repetitive lines inscribed on rocks found in the Northeastern United States and Canada were simply scratches made from the movement of ice and rocks during the recent ice-age. Because of Epigraphics, we now know that it was a language and it has been deciphered.

The Celts. This language is that of the Celts from Ireland, Scotland, England, France and the Rhineland country of Germany. The language dates from long before Christ and was in use in Ireland and England at the time of Celtic Druids. It is called Ogam script and has been found all over America, from the West Indies to Newfoundland and west into Oregon and British Columbia.

We know that Julius Caesar described the vessels that the Celts had built and used. In Book III of his De Bello Gallico he described these vessels against which his small, puny (by comparison), ships of the Roman fleet fought. He described them as being capable of sailing "upon the vast open sea." This is exactly what they did. It appears that there were many different expeditions and migrations by the Celts during the period of many centuries before Christ until circa 400-800 A.D. They came, not only just once to colonize, but they came and returned to Europe on a repetitive basis.

The Vikings. The Vikings were here in America when King Woden-lithi sailed the Atlantic seventeen centuries before Christ and entered the St. Lawrence River. He established a trading post at a site near where Toronto now stands. It became a religious and commercial center that is now known as Petroglyph Park at Peterborough, Canada. King Woden-lithi's home was in Norway.

He remained in Canada for five months, from April to September and traded his woven fabrics for copper ingots obtained from the European settlers. He called these people Wal, which is a word cognate with Wales and Welsh. He gave these Celts his religious beliefs, the ability to measure woven cloth and an astronomical observatory for measuring the Nordic calendar and for determining the dates of the pagan Yale and Ishtar festivals. Remember, this was seventeen centuries (1700-years) before Christ!

Ogam Script. The Celts were already here when King Woden-lithi arrived. What was their written language like? We have already shown that they wrote with the Ogam script which can be described simply as an alphabet, comprising fifteen consonants and five vowels, together with a few other signs representing double letters such as diphthongs. The letters are made by inscribing single parallel strokes placed in sets of one to five, in position above, across, or below a guide line.

The Languages. But what words were made from this Ogam alphabet? Here again the science of Epigraphics gives us the answer. We know that there is no language of any of the American Indians that is made up of the Greek language. And yet the ancient Celts in the area of the St. Lawrence River spoke a language that was directly derived from the Greek! As we shall see, the different Celts in America spoke yet other languages! The type of Greek that was spoken by the Celts of the area is known as Ptolemaic which means that it is a dialect of Greek that was spoken in Egypt, Palestine and the other countries in the area that Alexander conquered.

Alexander forced upon the area his idea of one-world government, one-world people, one-world religion and one-world language. It was this Ptolemaic dialect that Alexander forced upon the citizens of the area. The dialect was composed of Greek, Egyptian and Aramaic. This is why Jesus spoke Aramaic and Greek, instead of Hebrew. We will study the effect that Alexander had on Israel and Christianity in a future lesson.

The obvious question from the previous paragraph is, who were the Celts? Did the Celts from Iberia (The Spanish Peninsula) and the Rhineland go to Egypt and Palestine and learn the Greek spoken language at the time of Alexander or did the Israelites (Not Jews) learn the Greek and Aramaic when they were in Palestine and then go to the new world to escape the dictatorship of Alexander? Remember, Israel lost the knowledge of ancient Hebrew (not modern Yiddish) before and during the time of Alexander.

The language of the Celts who were already here in the St. Lawrence River Valley when King Woden-lithe arrived has since been lost. Why has the language disappeared? This is probably at least partly because through the subsequent years they intermixed with other peoples and in the process the language was lost.

It doesn't take much to lose a language. Notice the difference between American English and the English language spoken in England. But that doesn't account for the fact that a grace of people totally vanished from the continent. Some of the Ogam Script is with the Gaelic influence.

The Gaelic language came from the highlands of Scotland. In the New England area, artifacts such as grave headstones have been found, all with Ogam script in Gaelic script.[75] The Celts with the Gaelic dialect came from the highlands of Scotland. According to the Scottish Declaration of Independence written by Robert Bruce and his noblemen, the Scotland people came from ancient Israel through the Rhineland area of France and Germany and then through Iberia or Spain.

The Mariners from Tarshish. Tarshish was thy merchant by reason of the multitude of all kind of riches; with silver, iron, tin, and lead, they traded in thy fairs.[76] The Celts were well established in foreign trade.

In 1780, Ezra Stiles, who later became the president of Yale College, found and recorded a Tartessian inscription on a rock along the seashore near Mount Hope Bay, Rhode Island. The deeply cut inscription clearly shows the outline of a typical high-sterned ship from Tarshish. Under the outline of the ship are the words in Tartessian (Tarshish) Punic, "Mariners of Tarshish this rock proclaims." Near Union, New Hampshire, another Tartessian inscription was found with a similar Tarshish ship hull and the words, "Voyagers from Tarshish this stone proclaims."

On Mohegan Island, off the coast of Maine, is, in Ogam script in Gaelic dialect, an inscription showing that the Celts traded with the traders from Tarshish. It is obvious that the mariners from Tarshish were not residents of the area as were the Celts. They were trading with the Celts for their furs and raw materials from the mining done by the Celts.

Thus, there was a lively trade being conducted between the Japhetic sons of Tarshish [77] and the Celtic sons of Shem. Some of the trading was done with goods in exchange for the furs and metals of the Celts. But there was also an exchange for coins. It seems that modern historians won't believe the facts of history such as the Ogam inscriptions. They only like to see the money! Well, there is that, too!

Coins. From about the fourth century B.C. the ancient mariner traders brought coins in addition to goods. In the year 1787, Pastor Thaddeus Madson Harris came upon a group of men working on a road known as the Cambridge-Malden road (now Route 16) in Massachusetts. The workers had uncovered a flat stone underneath the surface. Under the stone was a cache of ancient coins, nearly two quarts of them. The coins were square pieces made of a copper-silver alloy. Each coin was stamped on both sides with an unknown script.

Pastor Harris recorded the incident in a letter to John Quincy Adams. The inscriptions were taken to the Harvard Library for translation but with no success. The letter was then buried in the archives for nearly two hundred years until James Whittall, of the Early Sites Research Society, re-discovered the letter with the inscriptions and researched them with the American Numismatic Society and with Epigraphic scientists. The inscriptions proved to be that of Kufic origin which is a form of Arabic. Undoubtedly, one of the trading mariners brought the coins to America to purchase the Celtic goods which were for sale.

After the newly designed steel plow was invented by Charles Newbold in 1797, the earth could be turned over to a much greater depth. The furrow that the plow made opened up the soil and there, by the thousands, were found Roman coins! In days of early America, the extensive study of Latin and Roman history was required for a college degree.

Thus, the people of America readily knew that Europeans came to America and lived in America much earlier than Christopher Columbus. But later, from American history books, our school children were taught the Columbus mystique and they were taught that the world was considered flat by all educated people until Columbus discovered America! All of those Roman coins that were discovered were ignored and it has remained that way until very recently. As we continue our studies, we will realize why the truth was buried.

In 1961, Frederick J. Pohl raised the nagging question of the Roman coins in his book Atlantic Crossings Before Columbus. He describes notable finds of Roman coins in the United States. Other scientists have carried on the task of proving the European travels to this continent long before Columbus.

One of the notable men in this field is Professor Cyclone covey of Wake Forest University. Much will be discussed about his investigations later in this lesson. Roman coins are not the only money found in America. Carthaginian, Celto-Iberian, Greek, Libyan and Norse coins have been found in locations all over the United States. Near Castle Gardens, Wyoming a petroglyph was found, written in Celto-Gaelic, describing the location of what would be the description of a bank.

Yes, the petroglyph says that this was the first money-changing location to reach the area and that the bank operated with no usury! Undoubtedly, this was a location for exchanging the value of one coin for another for the purpose of trading and traveling.

The petroglyph written in Celto-Gaelic undoubtedly means that the Celts were located in Wyoming and the fact that they operated in Wyoming and the fact that they operated with no usury is significant. We will shortly discuss the type of law the Celts exercised.

From 400 B.C. to 1100 A.D., the Western world realized six maritime powers. They all came out of the Mediterranean area except for the last one. They are, in order of their appearance, (1) the Carthaginians of Tunisia; (2) the Greeks and Libyans of North Africa; (3) the Romans; (4) the Byzantine Greeks who succeeded Rome; (5) the Islamic powers of North Africa and Asia; and (6) the Norse sea-rovers.

Although the Celts were never realized as a maritime power, since they were a people scattered over many countries, their ocean-going ships were among the best. These ships were huge in comparison to the Roman ships. They were two thousand tons in capacity as compared to about four hundred tons of the average Roman ship.

The ships that the uncle of Jesus, Joseph of Aramathea, used to haul lead and tin from the Glastonbury area of England for sale to the Romans were Celtic in design and operation. Again, Julius Caesar spoke very highly of the sea-going prowess of the Celts and their ships. Throughout this period, each of these maritime powers sent ships all over the high seas and to America.

But it was the Libyans who transcended all of the others in the span of their voyage. A Libyan, named Eratosthenes of Cyrene, accurately calculated the earth's circumference. He reasoned that the earth's oceans had to be continuous and consequently a ship could sail around the world in either direction and return to the starting point. The date was approximately 239 B.C.!

Eratosthenes developed the system of the meridian circles of the map of the globe. The meridian circles are simply the points on the globe where the USN is directly overhead at noon at the local time. He set these meridian circles in a grid in such a way that a mariner could accurately locate his position. He drew the primary meridian circle to pass through Alexandria. The Libyans then set sail in their ocean-going vessels to prove that Eratosthenes was right. Their ships were equipped with magnetic compasses. Their compass consisted of a ceramic bowl with the compass points engraved around the edge. A lodestone (a strongly magnetic variety of the mineral magnetie) was floated on the water in the bowl.

Sometimes, a magnetized iron strip was suspended in the bowl. They also had a device for navigation that was the forerunner of the modern sextant. The Libyans traveled eastward, through the Suez Canal that King Darius had built, then sailed down the Red Sea, and then around the tip of India, through the Indonesian straits and then into the Pacific Ocean. They arrived on the West Coast of America, disembarked and traveled inland to Nevada. These ancient Libyans settled in the arid Nevada country because it was very similar to their own home country.

In various locations in Nevada are petroglyphs, written in Aramaic-Libyan and Celto-Gaelic which reflect their mariner skills. There is a map of North America, showing the outline of both coasts from the Hudson Bay country of Canada to Panama in the South. It was obviously taken from one of their meridian circle navigation charts that Eratosthenes developed.

In addition, examples of their mathematics is displayed along with oceanography. Their alphabet was written in stone for us to see. Astronomy as a science is displayed. Remember, before the fall of the Roman Empire, the Center of Western Civilization rested along the shores of the Mediterranean Sea.

The modern day epigraphic scientists are puzzled as to what happened to all of these people, from the Celts, to the Carthaginians, to the Libyans and all the other original settlers who have come to this land. Certainly educated people in the sciences and mathematics lived here many years ago, that is now obvious. But when the American colonists arrived, the natives had no written language nor any knowledge of higher education.

For example, the Paiute and Shoshone tribesmen of Nevada were asked where all of the petroglyphs we now know to have been scribed by the Libyans came from, they could tell the archaeologists and epigraphists nothing except that neither they nor their forebears had cut them. However, some of the methods and style of living that were taught by these ancient settlers have come down through the centuries by the indigenous peoples who were here and then remained after the mysterious disappearance. For example, in the modern, Libyan North African region there are two Distinct ecological groups.

1). The first is the modern Berber who is of lighter skin with obvious and European features with many having blond hair and blue eyes. He prefers to live in the mountainous regions where there is more water and better soil. He is an agriculturist and he builds his home pueblo style out of sun-dried mud which he calls in Arabic attobi which in America is called adobe.

Their buildings are multi-level with the floors and ceilings strengthened with wooden beams which project beyond the outer walls. His dress code calls for the women not to wear the face veil but to tattoo their chins.  The men have the custom to cover their heads and faces with a scarf-like cloth, showing only their eyes to strangers. Even today, these modern Berbers still speak the Berber language which came to them from their Celto-Iberian background.

2). The second ecological group is the Arabs. They are nomadic, moving their herds from place to place in the lowlands. They live in tents. The women cover their heads with veils and are not tattooed. The men do not veil the face. Their language is Arabic.

In the Peabody Museum of Harvard University are ancient bowls made by these Libyan mariners who built their temporary colonies in the Southwestern United States.

The bowls very clearly show a man and woman painted on the sides of each. The women have no veil but have their chins tattooed. The men have the Berber type of scarf covering their faces with only the eyes showing!

Beyond a doubt, these people were a part of the Libyan expeditions into the Western United States. They, too, suddenly disappeared in the 10th to 12th century A.D., after having been here from about 500 B.C. All of these people abandoned their towns and simply vanished.

The ancient Berbers were of Celto-Iberian origin. They spoke a Gaelic Celto-Iberian language. When we again return to the Scottish Declaration of Independence and read that they traveled through Iberia (The Spanish Peninsula) on their way to Scotland and Ireland, it would account for the Celto-Iberian-Gaelic dialect. It is in this language that the great majority of the petroglyphs are written.

It is obvious that the Libyan Berbers associated with the Celts of the Eastern and Northern United States during the apex of their civilization here. It is apparent that they had a flourishing trade with their home countries of Europe.

Not only did they travel to and from Europe on occasion in their own ships, they conducted commerce with the traders from Tarshish and Cartage. Just as the Celts in the Glastonbury and Avalon areas of England mined for tin and lead and shipped the finished metal to Rome in Joseph of Aremathea's ships, the same Celts conducted mining operations in America and either sold or traded their metal with Europe. But it all vanished around the end of the first millennium A.D.

Christianity and the American Celts. When the first Celts arrived in America, they were as pagan as their brothers in Europe. Many of the earlier inscriptions in America depicted Baal worship and classical Phallic worship. Then, all of sudden, there came the appearance of Christian inscriptions.

In fact, whenever it was possible, the later Christian inscriptions were inscribed over the top of the earlier pagan writing. This was obvious to the epigraphic scientists because the later inscriptions were cut deeper and partially obliterated the earlier work. In Cripple Creek, Colorado there is a memorial in Greek that states, "Herein is the last resting place of Palladis (a priest), the servant of God."

At Oak Island, Nova Scotia is found an inscription in Libyan dialect of the North African Coptic Church, which states, "To escape contagion of plague and winter hardships, he is to pray for an end or mitigation, the arif: The people will perish in misery if they forget the Lord, alas.”[78]

Wherever Christianity has gone, the Laws of God have been adapted into the legal system of the community. The Christian Celts of Iberia, Ireland, Scotland as well as the Christian Celts of America had a legal system that reflected the teachings of the Christian Bible. The system was called the Tanistry which means the administration of law by deputies of the king.

The system as it is preserved from ancient times is rather lengthy so here are just a few examples to show the influence of the Christian Bible:

1). "In the obscurity of the mists of olden time a desire would arise to replace armed combat by arbitration.[79]

2). And it would seem a desirable thing that land boundaries should be fixed without recourse to moats.[80]

3). Henceforth cases involving wrongdoing are to be made over to the wisest men.[81]

4). Any case is to be brought to judgment without delay.

5). Henceforth in any case involving false utterances let amends be paid in compensation for the harm.[82]

6). Henceforth if a complainant be merciful, let the judges also be merciful. [83]

7). If a malicious man utter lying words that another declares to be slanderous, to the measure of his tongue-loose recklessness shall he transport heavy burdens for the other man.[84]

8). The common people may eat corn, together with game bird but they may not hunt bears. They may kill stags, goats and red deer." [85]

There is much more to the Tanistry but this gives you information that the early Celts became Christian and this was imparted to those Celts living in the United States long before Columbus "discovered" America.

The Norsemen. The Columbus mystique has been so impressed on the American people that we are blinded to facts. Such again is the case of the colonists from Norway.

When Thormod Torfason wrote his authenticated works titled Historia Vinlandae Antiquae in 1705, very few historians and other scholars knew anything of the many trips to America by the Norse mariners and colonists.

For over two more centuries, nearly everyone continued to disbelieve Torfason's studies. The American's minds were made up, don't confuse us with facts! We will understand why we have been misled by the conclusion of the next lesson in history.

On May 24, 1934, a mining prospector named James Edward Dodd was blasting in the Great Lakes region of Canada and his dynamite uncovered a sword and a shield. These artifacts were taken to the royal Ontario Museum and they were accurately dated to the first quarter of the eleventh century, about 1025 A.D.

It was at this time that Leif Eriksson began his first ventures to the land that he called Vinland. The name itself was given to the St. Lawrence River area because of the abundance of wild grapes that the Norsemen found to make a very good grade of wine. Because of the find of the sword and shield, along with much other evidence, we Americans began to believe that the Norsemen did, indeed, predate Columbus' discovery.

In the 1930's, we began to learn about the tremendous amount of European travel and commerce predating Eriksson by many centuries. Then in 1940, we were reconvinced that Eriksson didn't exist and that there was absolutely nobody who proceeded Columbus.

Admiral Samuel Eliot Morison was an author who appeared to be "puffed" by the establishment. His style of writing was light and airy and he was very capable of mixing legends in with archaeological and historical facts in such a way that it became easy to question the technical analysis.

In 1940, from his Harvard position, he was adamant in his position that Columbus was the first and in 1942 he wrote Admiral of the Ocean Sea: A Life of Christopher Columbus to prove his point. By 1961 the Royal Ontario Museum was obliged to re-evaluate their analysis of the sword and shield by stating that it "was not possible to authenticate the story of the alleged discovery."

In Admiral Morison's book The European Discovery of America, he refutes the Vinland story by stating that nearly all of the seacoast towns from Newfoundland to the Virginia Capes boast in their histories that Lief Eriksson was there. But he says that there have been no artifacts to prove his presence. He states that the Newport stone tower which is cherished as the first Christian Church in America is a fake and that it was built around 1675 by a colonial governor of Rhode Island.

Yet, in 1946 an authenticated inscription was found on one of the rocks of the tower. The inscription is in Nordic Runes and simply declares the lower to be the "cathedral church" and the "Bishop's Seat." The Newport Tower is a part of the church that the Norsemen built in the early 1300's. To further authenticate this, the Italian explorer Giovanni de Verrazano in 1524 sailed up the East coast of the United States from Florida to Labrador.

He rediscovered Long Island Sound and the Hudson River. He drew a map, which is officially shown in the Archives, of the Narragansett coast and in his writings he described the stone' built "Norman Villa." He went ashore and found friendly Indians who knew nothing of the building of the villa. Verrazano recognized it to be Norse because of the style of architecture and other evidence.     

An English document (of the period of the Pilgrims) proposed a settlement in Rhode Island. The document gave the location of the Norman Tower as the place where the settlement should be made.

In Rhode Island today, the local name for the tower is often given as "Governor Arnold's Mill," because the first governor made use of the tower as a flour mill. Here is an example of how a historian can take partial facts, along with legend, and make it fit the "politically correct thing to say."

There is evidence now being discovered that shows the Norsemen to have sailed South, along the Eastern seashore, into the Gulf of Mexico and then up the Mississippi River.

Not only have Viking Battle Axes been found but more inscriptions to prove their presence. The Heavener runestone inscription in the Oklahoma State Park on Poteau Mountain has been definitely judged to be Nordic script of the Viking Age of not later than 1350 A.D. Viking inscriptions have also been found in Colorado. No longer can we deny the presence of the Norsemen in America several hundred years before Columbus.

We have left for last what is perhaps the most striking evidence of pre-Columbus Europeans in America.

In the Southwestern part of the United States the climate is generally arid or semi-arid and the soil is more alkaline. As a result of these conditions artifacts, including human remains, are left intact for a very long time.

There is mounting evidence that Europeans, in significant numbers, colonized a portion of the Southwestern United States during the period from approximately 700 A.D. until about 1300 A.D.

It is very significant that all of the colonies in North America, including this one under discussion, appeared to simply vanish within an approximate 100 year time frame. We may never know the exact reasons and there could have been several. We know that the Europeans transmitted diseases that were specific to Europe to the indigenous natives who were vulnerable to them.

Conversely, the natives gave the Europeans specific diseases to which they were vulnerable, such as some of the social diseases.

Or, there could have very easily been a universal uprising and this is even probable. Whatever the reasons were, we must believe that the ventures did not please God. There had to be things that were done that were seriously breaking some of His Laws.

About 700 A.D. there appeared in the area of West Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona and Nevada, a literal empire apparently made up of a city-state system.

The empire was Christian and they had succeeding kings. The people came from the British Isles, Gaul (France), Germany, Rome and apparently North Africa.

Undoubtedly, the North Africans were the Berbers who had already arrived from Libya and had previously taught the natives to build the pueblo style structures and to irrigate for farming. Some of the ancient ruins that were very skillfully built of stone masonry that are dotted over the Southwest are probably associated with the empire. Some of these ancient ruins have been rebuilt with later construction over the top of the original.

The modern Amerindian knows nothing about the builders of these ancient cities. However, they have given a name to these earlier inhabitants. They call them the Hohokam, which means "Those who have gone" or "The old ones." After the Spaniards occupied Mexico in the early 1500's, they headed north to investigate the persistent stories of the fabulously wealthy "Seven Cities of Cibola."

Of course they never found them because the empire had simply vanished a couple of hundred years earlier. Even in 1300 A.D. the empire had already waned in its importance as a kingdom so there wasn't much left.

In New Mexico, south of Albuquerque and west of Los Lunas about 14 miles, is a huge Basalt (volcanic) boulder. The rock is nestled in a small draw on the side of a group of hills which overlooks the stream called Rio Puerco. The front side, protruding from the soil, is very flat and provides a perfect place for an inscription. On this boulder, inscribed in old Hebrew with a Greek influence, is the Decalog or The Ten Commandments!

As early as 1850, when New Mexico became a territory, people knew of the inscription but it was not until a century later when Professor Robert Pfeiffer of Harvard University, an authority on the Old Testament, determined it to be The Ten Commandments. The inscription was then re-authenticated as being The Ten Commandments by Dr. Barry Fell, the country's foremost epigraphic scientist.

The most revealing discoveries of this ancient kingdom came from the Tucson, Arizona area. Along the Santa Cruz River, in the vicinity of Tucson, beneath six or more feet of undisturbed cliché soil, were found many artifacts that unquestionably prove that European people lived in the area. Cliché soil is made up of crusted calcium carbonate mixed with ordinary dirt. Through many years, water mixes with the combination and turns it into a very hard, concrete like, soil. After it is once formed, if it is then removed, the soil never returns to the original configuration. Thus, when the artifacts were found, it is certain that they are of ancient origin and not a recent fraud.

The artifacts included lead swords, spears, a patriarchal monstrance or shrine used in the religious ceremonies, and eight heavy crosses. All of the artifacts were made of molded lead which was mined in the area. This is known because some of the molds were also found. Each of the crosses was actually two thin lead crosses which were riveted together with lead rivets.

When the two halves were separated, it was found that the inner sides were protected with wax in order to preserve the inscriptions which were on the inside parts. It became obvious that the crosses were made for the purpose of a permanent recording of events that were taking place at the time. The swords were not to be used for combat. They were made of lead and also contained inscriptions. They were for ceremonies of some sort. The inscriptions c